Nineveh and Its Remains

Volume 1

By Austen Henry Layard, ESQ. D.C.L.

Part 1 - Table of Contents

 
TITLE PAGE
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
LIST OF PLATES, WOODCUTS AND PLATES
     CHAPTER I.

First Journey in Assyria. Its Ruins. Kouyunjik, Nimroud, and Kalali Slierghat. M. Botta's Discoveries. Kliorsabad. Return to Mosul.

     CHAPTER II.

Mohammed Pasha. His Cruelties. The State of the Country. Start for Nimroud. An Arab Family. Story of Abraham and Nimrod. Commence Excavations. Discovery of a Chamber — of Inscriptions — of Ivory Ornaments. Return to Mosul. Conduct of the Pasha. Excavations commenced amongst various Ruins. Return to Nimroud. Further Discoveries. Selamiyah. Discovery of Sculptures. Description of Bas-reliefs. Interrupted by the Pasha. Further Discovery of Sculptures. Deposition of the Pasha. Departure for Baghdad

     CHAPTER III.

Return to Mosul. Ismail Pasha. Change in the State of the Country. Return to Nimroud. The Ruins in Spring. Excavations resumed. Further Discoveries. New Interruptions. Sheikh Abd-ur-Rahman and the Abou Salman Arabs. Fresh Bas-reliefs in the North-west Corner. Discovery of the principal Palace. Entire Bas-reliefs. Discovery of the gigantic Lions. Surprise of the Arabs. Sensation at Mosul, and Conduct of the Pasha and Cadi. Excavations stopped. Further Discoveries. Description of the human-headed Lions. Reflections on their Antiquity and Object. The Jebour Arabs. Their Sheikhs. A Kurdish Chief. Nimroud in March. Description of the Plain at Sun-set. The Tunnel of Negoub. An Assyrian Inscription..

     CHAPTER IV.

Preparations for a Journey to Al Hather. Gathering of the Caravan. Leave Mosul. The Desert. Flocks of Camels. The Haddedeen Arabs. An Arab Repast. An Encampment. An Arab Tribe moving. The Tents of Sofuk. Description of the Shammar Sheikh. His History. A Commander of the Irregular Cavalry. Sofuk's Harem and Wives. His Mare. Ride to Al Hather. Arab Guides. Love amongst Arabs. Their Women. The Ruins of Al Hather. Return to Mosul. Murder of Nejris — and of Sofuk.

     CHAPTER V.

Discovery of small Objects. Pavement of the Chambers. An Arab Feast. Arrival of Tahyar Pasha. Excavations continued. The Summer at Nimroud. A Whirlwind. Further Discoveries of Bas-reliefs. Description of the Sculptures. Painted Plaster. Receipt of Vizirial Letter. Excavations at Kouyunjik. Fresh Discoveries at Nimroud. Surprise of the Arabs. First Collection of Sculptures sent to England. Visit from Tahyar Pasha. Speculations of the Turks on the Sculptures. Remove to Mosul. Discovery of a Building in a Mound near Kouyunjik. New Chambers opened at Nimroud.

     CHAPTER VI.

Departure for the Tiyari Mountains. Khorsabad. Sheikh Adi. A Kurdish Encampment. A Chaldĉan Village. Converts to Roman Catholicism. Amadiyah. A Turkish Governor. Albanian Irregulars. An Albanian Chief. The Valley of Berwari. Chaldĉan Villages. A Kurdish Bey. Asheetha

     CHAPTER VII.

Asheetlia. A Nestorian House. The Massacre. Zaweetha. Nestorian Priests. Murghi. Lizan. Scene of the Massacre. A Tiyari Bridge. Raola. The House of the Melek. Tiyari Women. The District of Tkhoma. Alarm of the Inhabitants. Church Service. Tkhoma Gowaia. A Kurdish Chief. Pass into Baz. Ergub. Return to Tkhoma. Be-Alatha. Roads of Tiyari. Chonba. Murder of Melek Ismail. Return to Asheetha. Kasha Auraham. A Copper Mine. Challek. Ourmeli. A Subashi, A Kurdish Saint. Malthayiah. Sculptures. Alkosh. Tomb of the Prophet Tsalium. Rabban Hormuzd. Telkef and its Christian Inhabitants. Return to Mosul. Second Massacre in the Nestorian Mountains. Capture and Exile of Beder Khan Bey.

     CHAPTER VIII.

Introduction of Christianity into Assyria. Origin of the Chaldĉans or Nestorian Church. Early Missions of the Chaldĉans. The Monuments of Se-gan-foo. The Chaldĉans under the Arabs. The Learning of the Chaldĉans. Their Translations of Greek Works. The Chaldĉans after the Tatar Invasion. Prester John. His Letter to the Greek Emperor. Extent of the Chaldĉans Church. Decline of its Power. Origin of the Name of "Nestorians." Doctrines of the Chaldĉans or Nestorians, Their Profession of Faith. Their Tenets. Their Patriarch. Their Language. American Missions

     CHAPTER IX.

Invitation to the Feast of the Yezidis, Departure from Mosul. Baadri. Hussein Bey, the Yezidi Chief. The Birth of his Son. History of the Yezidis. Return of a Deputation. Ride to the Tomb of Sheikh Adi. Our Reception. Sheikh Nasr. Description of the Tomb. Arrival of Pilgrims. An Incident. Sheikh Shems, or the Sun. Votive Lamps. Celebration of Rites. Yezidi Music. The Doctrines and Religious Observances of the Sect. Their Belief in, and Fear of, the Evil Principle. The probable Origin of their Rites. Their Orders of Priesthood. Their Language and Books. Return to Mosul. Letter of Sheikh Nasr. Departure for the Sinjur. Abou Maria. Tel Afer. Mirkan. Defeat of the Turkish Troops. Escape of the Yezidis. The Village of Sinjar. Wild Asses. Return to Mosul.

     CHAPTER X.

Excavations on a large Scale undertaken by the British Museum. Preparations. Choice of Workmen. Dwelling Houses built at Nimroud. Bas-reliefs discovered. Description of them. Discovery of Armour and Helmets — of Vases — of new Chambers — of the Obelisk. Description of the Obelisk. Discoveries in the South-west Corner of the Mound. Winged Lions. Crouching Sphinxes. Discovery of Tombs in the South-east Corner of the Mound. Arab Workmen. Mode of Irrigation. Customs of the Arabs. Facility of Divorce. Arab Revenge. Arab Women. The Workmen. the Tiyari or Chaldĉans. Their Women. A Raft plundered. Seizure of an Arab Sheikh. Arab Excitement. Departure of Sculptures for Busrah.

APPENDIX I.

Description of the Plans and Explanation of the References in Them.

APPENDIX II.

Description of the Ivories from the North-West Palace.

APPENDIX III.

List of Assyrian Bas-Reliefs and Sculptures Sent to England.